2011 Gene List for Melon

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Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 33 – 34  (2010-2011)

by Catherine Dogimont, Michel Pitrat and James D. McCreight
Centre de Recherches Agronomiques de Avignon, Stat. d’Amerlior. des Plantes Mar. Domaine St. Maurice, Montfavet 84140 France
USDA-ARS, Research Station, 1636 East Alisal St., Salinas, CA 93905-3018 USA

Gene lists of melon have been published previously, the last one in 1998 (109, 17, 18, 93, 95, 96). They included different types of genes: disease and pest resistance genes, isozymes, leaf, stem, flower, fruit and seed characters. The 2002 list includes a total number of 162 loci, QTLs for Cucumber Mosaic Virus resistance, ethylene production during fruit maturation and ovary and fruit shape, and one cytoplasmic mutant (cyt-Yt) (Table 1).

Genes have also been cloned in melon (mRNA or complete gene with intron). Only genes with complete sequences are listed in Table 2. Most of them are related to fruit maturation. About 50 partial clones, for example, Resistance Gene Homologues, are also available in databases.

Genetic maps using different types of molecular markers have been published (4, 12, 25, 26, 86, 92, 122). Linkages between isozymes (114) and between phenotypic mutants (94) have also been reported. These maps have been constructed using different melon genotypes as parents and some markers cannot be transferred easily from one map to another or are not polymorphic between all the parents (Table 3). There is not yet a reference saturated map of melon. Moreover very few phenotypic traits have been mapped.

Allelism tests have often not been performed, inflating the number of described genes. This is particularly clear for Powdery mildew resistance but also for many other traits. This could be because accessions previously described with this trait are not (or no more) available. It is strongly recommended to send seed samples along with reports of new genes to the melon gene curators. They should consult the lists and the rules of gene nomenclature for the Cucurbitaceae (110, 17) before proposing a gene name and symbol.

Table 1. Gene list of melon. In bold characters are the genes which are maintained by the curators or which are very common in collections (like andromonoecious or white testa). In light characters are genes which either have been apparently lost, are not yet maintained by curators, or have uncertain descriptions. In the second part of the table are QTL and in the third part one cytoplasmic factor.

Gene Symbol

Synonym

Character

LGz

References

Availability

Photograph (click for larger image)
 a
M
andromonoecious. Mostly staminate, fewer perfect flowers; on A_plants, pistillate flowers have no stamens; epistatic to g.
4, II
103, 111, 121
C
a
ab
 –
abrachiate. Lacking lateral branches. Interacts with a and g (e.g. ab ab a a G_ plants produce only staminate flowers).
 –
39
?
ab
Ac
 –
Alternaria cucumerina resistance (in MR-1).
 –
116
C
Ac
Aco-1
Ac
Aconitase-1. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 218071, PI 224769.
A
114
C
Aco-1
Acp-1
APS-11,
Ap-11
Acid phosphatase-1. Isozyme variant with two codominant alleles, each regulating one band. The heterozygote has two bands.
 –
36
?
Acp-1
Acp-2
Acp-1
Acid phosphatase-2. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 194057, PI 224786. Relationship with Acp-1 is unknown.
 –
114
C
Acp-2
Acp-4
 –
 Acid phosphatase-4. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 183256, PI 224786. Relationship with Acp-1 unknown, different from Acp-2.
 –
114
C
Acp-4
Af
 –
Aulacophora foveicollis resistance. Resistance to the red pumpkin beetle.
 –
119
?
Af
Ag
 –
Aphis gossypii tolerance. Freedom of leaf curling following aphid infestation (in PI 414723).
 –
11
C
Ag
 Ak-4 
 –
Adenylate kinase. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 169334.
 –
114
C
Ak-4
 Ala
 –
Acute leaf apex. Dominant over obtuse apex, linked with Lobed leaf. (Ala in Maine Rock, ala in PV Green).
 –
43
?
Ala
 alb
 –
albino. White cotyledons, lethal mutant (in Trystorp).
 –
5
C
alb
Al-1
Al1
Abscission layer-1. One of two dominant genes for abscission layer formation. See Al-2. (Al-1 Al-2in C68, al-1 al-2 in Pearl).
 –
115
?
Al-1
Al-2
Al2
Abscission layer-2. One of two dominant genes for abscission layer formation. See Al-1.
 –
115
?
Al-2
Al-3
Abscission layer-3. One dominant gene for abscission layer formation (in PI 161375). Relationship with Al-1 or Al-2 is unknown.
VIII
91
C
 Al-3
Al-4
 
Abscission layer-4. One dominant gene for abscission layer formation(in PI 161375). Relationship with Al-1 or Al-2 is unknown.
IX
91
C
Al-4
bd
 –
Brittle dwarf. Rosette growth with thick leaf. Male fertile, female sterile (in TAM-Perlita45).
 –
20
?
bd
Bi
 –
 Bitter. Bitter seedling (common in honeydew or in Charentais type while most American cantaloupes are bi).
 –
69
C
Bi
Bif-1
Bif
Bitter fruit-1. Bitterness of tender fruit in wild melon. Relations with Bi are unknown
 –
88
?
Bif-1
Bif-2
 –
Bitter fruit-2. One of two complementary independent genes for bitter taste in young fruit: Bif-2_ Bif-3_ are bitter. (Relationships with Bi and Bif-1 are unknown).
 –
73
?
Bif-2
Bif-3
 –
Bitter fruit-3. One of two complementary independent genes for bitter taste in young fruit: Bif-2_ Bif-3_ are bitter. (Relationships with Bi and Bif-1 are unknown).
 –
73
?
Bif-3
cab-1
 –
cucurbit aphid borne yellows virus resistance-1. One of two complementary independent genes for resistance to this polerovirus: cab-1 cab-1 cab-2 cab-2 plants are resistant. (in PI 124112).
 –
29
C
cab-1
cab-2
 –
cucurbit aphid borne yellows virus resistance-2. One of two complementary independent genes for resistance to this polerovirus: cab-1 cab-1 cab-2 cab-2 plants are resistant. (in PI 124112).
 –
29
C
cab-2
cb
cbl
cucumber beetle resistance. Interacts with Bi, the nonbitter bi bi cb cb being the more resistant (in C922-174-B).
 –
84
?
cb
cf
 –
cochleare folium. Spoon-shaped leaf with upward curling of the leaf margins (spontaneous mutant in Galia).
 –
68
C
cf
cl
 –
curled leaf. Elongated leaves that curl upward and inward. Usually male and female sterile.
 –
20
?
cl
Cys
 –
Cucurbit Yellow Stunting Disorder virus resistance. One dominant gene for resistance to this crinivirus in TGR-1551.
 –
70
?
Cys
dc-1
 –
Dacus cucurbitae-1 resistance. One of two complementary recessive genes for resistance to the melon fruitfly. See dc-2.
 –
112
?
dc-1
dc-2
 –
Dacus cucurbitae-2 resistance. One of two complementary recessive genes for resistance to the melon fruitfly. See dc-1
 –
112
?
dc-2
dl
 –
dissected leaf (in URSS 4). Highly indented leaves.
10
31
C
dl
dlv
cl
dissected leaf Velich. First described as cut leaf in Cantaloup de Bellegarde. Allelic to dl.
10
120
C
dlv
dl-2
 –
dissected leaf-2. First described as «hojas hendidas».
 –
35
?
dl-2
dlet
dl
delayed lethal. Reduced growth, necrotic lesions on leaves and premature death.
 –
129
?
dlet
Ec
 –
Empty cavity. Carpels are separated at fruit maturity leaving a cavity. Ec in PI 414723, ec in Védrantais.
III
90
C
Ec
ech
 –
exaggerated curvature of the hook. Triple response of seedlings germinating in darkness in presence of ethylene. ech in PI 161375, Ech in Védrantais.
I
91
C
ech
 f
 –
flava. Chlorophyl deficient mutant. Growth rate reduced (in K 2005).
100
C
 f
 fas
 –
fasciated stem (in Vilmorin 104).
 –
40
C
 fas
Fdp-1
 –
Fructose diphosphate-1. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 218071, PI 224688.
 –
114
C
Fdp-1
Fdp-2
 –
Fructose diphosphate-2. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 204691, PI 183256.
 –
114
C
Fdp-2
fe
 –
fe (iron) inefficient mutant. Chlorotic leaves with green veins. Turns green when adding iron in the nutrient solution.
 –
83
C
fe
Fn
 –
Flaccida necrosis. Semi-dominant gene for wilting and necrosis with F pathotype of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus (Fn in Doublon, fn in Védrantais).
 2, V
108
C
Fn
Fom-1
Fom1
Fusarium oxysporum melonis resistance. Resistance to races 0 and 2 and susceptibility to races 1 and 1,2 of Fusarium wilt (Fom-1 in Doublon, fom-1 in CharentaisT).
5, IX
107
C
Fom-1
Fom-2
Fom1.2
Fusarium oxysporum melonis resistance. Resistance to races 0 and 1 and susceptibility to races 2 and 1,2 of Fusarium wilt. (Fom-2 in CM 17187, fom-2 in CharentaisT).
 6, XI
107
C
Fom-2
Fom-3
 –
Fusarium oxysporum melonis resistance. Same phenotype as Fom-1 but segregates independently from Fom-1. (Fom-3 in Perlita FR, fom-3 in CharentaisT).
 –
130
C
Fom-3
G
 –
gynomonoecious. Mostly pistillate, fewer perfect flowers. Epistatic to a a A_ G_ monoecious; A_ g g gynoecious; a a G_ andromonoecious; a a g g hermaphrodite.
 –
103
C
G
gf
 –
green flesh color. Recessive to salmon. (gf in honeydew, Gf in Smiths’ Perfect cantaloupe).
IX
51
C
gf
gl
 –
glabrous. Trichomes lacking (in Arizona glA).
3
38
C
gl
gp
 –
green petals. Corolla leaf like in color and venation.
 –
79
?
gp
Gpi
 –
Glucosephosphate isomerase. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 179680.
 –
114
C
Gpi
Gs
 –
Gelatinous sheath around the seeds. Dominant to absence of gelatinous sheath.
 –
41
?
Gs
gyc
 –
greenish yellow corolla.
 –
128
C
gyc
gy
n, M
gynoecious. Interacts with a and g to produce stable gynoecious plants (A_ g g gy gy) (in WI 998).
 –
60, 62
C
gy
h
 –
halo cotyledons. Yellow halo on the cotyledons, later turning green.
4, II
82
C
h
Idh
 –
Isocitrate dehydrogenase. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 218070, PI 224688.
A
114
C
Idh
Imy
 –
Interveinal mottling and yellowing resistance. Resistance to a complex of viruses in PI 378062.
 –
49
?
Imy
jf
 –
juicy flesh. Segregates discretely in a monogenic ratio in segregating generations.
 –
13
?
jf
 L
 –
Lobed leaf. Dominant on non lobed, linked with Acute leaf apex. (L inMaine Rock, l in P.V. Green).
 –
43
?
L
lmi
 –
long mainstem internode. Affects internode length of the main stem but not of the lateral ones (in 48764).
8
74
C
lmi
Liy
 –
Lettuce infectious yellows virus resistance. One dominant gene for resistance to this crinivirus in PI 313970.
 –
75
C
Liy
Lt
 –
Liriomyza trifolii (leafminer) resistance (in Nantais Oblong).
 –
28
C
Lt
M-Pc-5
 –
Modifier of Pc-5. Gene Pc-5 for downy mildew resistance (see Pc-5) is dominant in presence of M-Pc-5, recessive in the absence of M-Pc-5.
 –
2
?
M-Pc-5
Mc
 –
Mycosphaerella citrullina resistance. High degree of resistance to gummy stem blight (in PI 140471).
 –
104
C
Mc
Mc-2
Mci
Mycosphaerella citrullina resistance-2. Moderate degree of resistance to gummy stem blight (in C-1 and C-8.)
 –
104
?
Mc-2
Mc-3
 –
Mycosphaerella citrullina resistance-3. High level of resistance to gummy stem blight in PI 157082, independent from Mc.
 –
131
?
Mc-3
Mc-4
 –
Mycosphaerella citrullina resistance-4. High level of resistance to gummy stem blight in PI 511890. Relationships with Mc and Mc-3 unknown.
 –
131
?
Mc-4
Mca
 –
Macrocalyx. Large, leaf like structure of the sepals in staminate and hermaphrodite flowers (Mca in makuwa, mca in Annamalai).
 –
42
?
Mca
Mdh-2
 –
Malate dehydrogenase-2. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 224688, PI 224769.
B
114
C
Mdh-2
Mdh-4
 –
Malate dehydrogenase-4. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 218070, PI 179923.
B
114
C
Mdh-4
Mdh-5
 –
Malate dehydrogenase-5. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 179923, PI 180283.
B
114
C
Mdh-5
Mdh-6
 –
Malate dehydrogenase-6. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in P 179923, PI 180283.
B
114
C
Mdh-6
Me
 –
Mealy flesh texture. Dominant to crisp flesh. (Me in C. callosus, me in makuwa).
 –
41
?
Me
Me-2
 –
Mealy flesh texture-2 (in PI 414723).
 –
90
C
Me-2
Mpi-1
 –
Mannosephosphate isomerase-1. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 183257, PI 204691.
A
114
C
Mpi-1
Mpi-2
 –
Mannosephosphate isomerase-2. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 183257, PI 204691.
A
114
C
Mpi-2
ms-1
ms1
male sterile-1. Indehiscent anthers with empty pollen walls in tetrad stage.
3
8
C
ms-1
ms-2
ms2
male sterile-2. Anthers indehiscent, containing mostly empty pollen walls, growth rate reduced.
6, XI
10
C
ms-2
ms-3
ms-L
male sterile-3. Waxy and translucent indehiscent anthers, containing two types of empty pollen sacs.
12
77
C
ms-3
ms-4
 –
male sterile-4. Small indehiscent anthers. First male flowers abort at bud stage (in Bulgaria 7).
9
71
C
ms-4
ms-5
 –
male sterile-5. Small indehiscent anthers. Empty pollen (in Jivaro, Fox).
13
67
C
ms-5
Mt
 –
Mottled rind pattern. Dominant to uniform color. Epistatic with Y (not expressed in Y_) and st (Mt_ st st and Mt_ St_ mottled; mt mt st st striped, mt mt St_ uniform). (Mt in Annamalai, mt in makuwa).
 –
41
?
Mt
Mt-2
 –
Mottled rind pattern (in PI 161375). Relationship with Mt unknown.
II
90
C
Mt-2
Mu
 –
Musky flavour (olfactory). Dominant on mild flavor (Mu in C. melo callosus, mu in makuwa or Annamalai).
 –
41
?
Mu
Mvd
 –
Melon vine decline resistance. Semi-dominant gene for partial resistance to Acremonium cucurbitacearum and Monosporascus cannonballus (in Pat 81 agrestis melon).
 –
52
?
Mvd
My
 –
Melon yellows virus resistance. Semi-dominant gene, in Nagata Kin Makuwa, for partial resistance to this crinivirus.
 –
37, 81
?
My
n
 –
nectarless. Nectaries lacking in all flowers (in 40099).
 –
6
C
n
Nm
 –
Necrosis with Morocco strains of Watermelon Mosaic Virus, a potyvirus (Nm in Védrantais, nm in Ouzbèque).
 –
105
C
Nm
nsv
 –
Melon necrotic spot virus resistance. One recessive gene for resistance tothis carmovirus in Gulfstream, Planters Jumbo.
7, XII
19
C
nsv
O
 –
Oval fruit shape. Dominant to round; associated with a.
 –
121
C
O
Org-1
 –
Organogenic response for in vitro shoot regeneration. Partially dominant. Interacts with an additive model with Org-2.
 –
80
?
Org-1
Org-2
 –
Organogenic response for in vitro shoot regeneration. Partially dominant. Interacts with an additive model with Org-1.
 –
80
?
Org-2
p
 –
pentamerous. Five carpels and stamens; recessive to trimerous (in Casaba).
XII
111
C
p
Pa
 –
Pale green foliage. Pa Pa plants are white (lethal); Pa pa are yellow (in 30567).
3
76
C
Pa
Pc-1
 –
Pseudoperonospora cubensis resistance. One of two complementary incompletely dominant genes for downy mildew resistance (in PI 124111). See Pc-2.
 –
16, 117
C
Pc-1
Pc-2
 –
Pseudoperonospora cubensis resistance. One of two complementary incompletely dominant genes for downy mildew resistance (in PI 124111). See Pc-1.
 –
16, 117
C
Pc-2
Pc-3
 –
Pseudoperonospora cubensis resistance. Partial resistance to downy mildew (in PI 414723).
 –
33
C
Pc-3
Pc-4
 –
Pseudoperonospora cubensis resistance. One of two complementary genes for downy mildew resistance in PI 124112. Interacts with Pc-1 or Pc-2.
 –
63
C
Pc-4
Pc-5
 –
Pseudoperonospora cubensis resistance. One gene in Line 5-4-2-1 which interacts with M-Pc-5 in the susceptible line K15-6 (Pc-5 is dominant in presence of M-Pc-5, recessive in the absence of M-Pc-5).
 –
2
?
Pc-5
Pep-gl
 –
Peptidase with glycyl-leucine. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 218070.
B
114
C
Pep-gl
Pep-la
 –
Peptidase with leucyl-alanine. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 183256.
 –
114
C
Pep-la
Pep-pap
 –
Peptidase with phenylalanyl-proline. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 183256.
 –
114
C
Pep-pap
Pgd-1

6-PGDH-21

Pgd-21
Phosphoglucodehydrogenase-1. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band.The heterozygote has one intermediate band.
 –
36
?
Pgd-1
6-Pgd-2
 –
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 161375, Védrantais. Relationship with Pgd-1 is unknown.
IX
4
C
6-Pgd-2
Pgd-3
Pgd
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 218070. Relationship with Pgd-1 and 6-Pgd-2 is unknown.
A
114
C
Pgd-3
Pgi-1
PGI-11
Phosphoglucoisomerase-1. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating two bands. The heterozygote has three bands.
 –
36
?
Pgi-1
Pgi-2
PGI-21
Phosphoglucoisomerase-2. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating two bands. The heterozygote has three bands.
 –
36
?
Pgi-2
Pgm-1
PGM-21
Pgm-21
Phosphoglucomutase-1. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating two bands. The heterozygotes has three bands.
 –
36
?
Pgm-1
Pgm-2
Pgm
Phosphoglucomutase. Isozyme variant with two alleles, each regulating one band, in PI 218070, PI 179923. Relationship with Pgm-1 is unknown.
A
114
C
Pgm-2
pH
 –
pH( acidity) of the mature fruit flesh.Low pH value in PI 14723 dominant to high pH value in Dulce.
VIII
25
C
pH
pin
 –
pine-seed shape (in PI 161375).
III
92
C
pin
Pm-1
Pm1
Pm-A ?
Powdery mildew resistance-1. Resistance to race 1 of Sphaerotheca fuliginea (in PMR 45).
 –
55
C
Pm-1
Pm-2
Pm2
Pm-C ?
Powdery mildew resistance-2. Interacts with Pm-1. Resistance to race 2 of Sphaerotheca fuliginea(in PMR 5 with Pm-1).
 –
9
C
Pm-2
Pm-3
Pm3
Powdery mildew resistance-3. Resistance to race 1 of Sphaerotheca fuliginea (in PI 124111).
7
47, 48
C
Pm-3
Pm-4
Pm4
Powdery mildew resistance-4. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea (in PI 124112).
 –
47, 48
C
Pm-4
Pm-5
Pm5
Powdery mildew resistance-5. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea (in PI 124112).
 –
47, 48
C
Pm-5
Pm-6
 –
Powdery mildew resistance-6. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea race 2 (in PI 124111).
 –
61
C
Pm-6
Pm-7
 –
Powdery mildew resistance-7. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea race 1 (in PI 414723).
 –
1
C
Pm-7
Pm-E
 –
Powdery mildew resistance-E. Interacts with Pm-C in PMR5 for Erysiphe cichoracearumresistance.
 –
34
C
Pm-E
Pm-F
 –
Powdery mildew resistance-F. Interacts with Pm-G in PI 124112 for Erysiphe cichoracearumresistance.
 –
34
C
Pm-F
Pm-G
 –
Powdery mildew resistance-G. Interacts with Pm-F in PI 124112 for Erysiphe cichoracearumresistance.
 –
34
C
Pm-G
Pm-H
 –
Powdery mildew resistance-H. Resistance to Erysiphe cichoracearum and susceptibility to Sphaerotheca fuliginea (in Nantais oblong).
 –
34
C
Pm-H
Pm-w
Pm-B ?
Powdery mildew resistance in WMR 29. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea race 2.
2, V
94
C
Pm-w
Pm-x
 –
Powdery mildew resistance in PI 414723. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea.
4, II
94
C
Pm-x
Pm-y
 –
Powdery mildew resistance in VA 435. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea.
7, XII
94
C
Pm-y
Prv1
Wmv
Papaya Ringspot virus resistance. Resistance to W strain of thispotyvirus (formerly Watermelon Mosaic Virus 1) (in B 66-5, WMR 29, derived from PI 180280). Dominant to Prv2.
5, IX
98, 123
C
Prv1
Prv2
 –
Papaya Ringspot virus resistance. Allele at the same locus as Prv1 but different reaction with some strains of the virus (in 72-025 derived from PI 180283). Recessive to Prv1.
5, IX
57, 98
C
Prv2
Prv-2
 –
Papaya Ringspot virus resistance-2 (in PI 124112). Relationship with Prv is unknown.
 –
78
C
Prv-2
Px-1
PRX-11
Peroxidase-1. Isozyme variant with two codominant alleles, each regulating a cluster of four adjacent bands. The heterozygote has five bands.
 –
36
?
Px-1
Px-2
Px2A
Prx2
Peroxidase-2. Isozyme variant with two codominant alleles, each regulating a cluster of three adjacent bands. The heterozygote has 4 bands.
 –
14, 22
?
Px-2
r
 –
red stem. Red pigment under epidermis of stems, especially at nodes; tan seed color (in PI 157083).
3
7, 76
C
r
ri
 –
ridge. Ridged fruit surface, recessive to ridgeless. (ri in C68, Ri in Pearl).
 –
115
?
ri
s
 –
sutures. Presence of vein tracts on the fruit (« sutures »); recessive to ribless.
 –
3
?
s
s-2
 –
sutures-2 on the fruit rind (in PI 161375). Relationship with s is unknown.
XI
90
C
s-2
Sfl
S
Subtended floral leaf. The floral leaf bearing the hermaphrodite flowers is sessile, small and encloses the flower. (Sfl in makuwa, sfl in Annamalai).
 –
42
?
Sfl
si-1
b
short internode-1. Extremely compact plant habit (bush type) (in UC Topmark bush).
1
27
C
si-1
si-2
 –
short internode-2. Short internodes from ‘birdnest’ melon (in Persia 202).
 –
87
C
si-2
si-3
 –
short internode-3. Short internodes in Maindwarf.
 –
64
C
si-3
Skdh-1
 –
Shikimate dehydrogenase-1. Isozyme variant with two codominant alleles, each regulating one band. The heterozygote has three bands.
 –
14, 44
?
Skdh-1
slb
sb
short lateral branching. Reduction of the elongation of the lateral branches, in LB.
 –
85
?
slb
So
 –
Sour taste. Dominant to sweet.
 –
65
?
So
So-2
 –
Sour taste-2 (in PI 414723). Relationship with So is unknown.
 –
90
C
So-2
sp
 –
spherical fruit shape. Recessive to obtuse; dominance incomplete.
 –
3, 72
?
sp
spk
 –
speckled fruit epidermis (spk in PI 161375 or PI 414723, Spk in Védrantais).
VII
92
C
spk
st
 –
striped epicarp. Recessive to non-striped.
 –
46
?
st
st-2
st
striped epicarp-2. Present in Dulce, recessive to non-striped in PI 414723. Relationship with st is unknown.
XI
25
C
st-2
v
 –
virescent. Pale cream cotyledons and hypocotyls; yellow green foliage (mainly young leaves).
11
50
C
v
v-2
 –
virescent-2.
 –
32
C
v-2
v-3
 –
virescent-3. White cotyledons which turn green, light green young leaves which are normal when they are older.
 –
101
C
v-3
Vat
 –
Virus aphid transmission resistance. Resistance to the transmission of several viruses by Aphis gossypii (in PI 161375).
2, V
97
C
Vat
w
 –
white color of mature fruit. Recessive to dark green fruit skin. (w in honeydew, W in Smiths’ Perfect cantaloupe).
 –
51
C
w
wf
 –
white flesh. Recessive to salmon. Wf epistatic to Gf_.
 –
15, 53
C
wf
Wi
 –
White color of immature fruit. Dominant to green.
 –
65
?
Wi
Wmr
 –
Watermelon Mosaic virus 2 (potyvirus) resistance (in PI 414723).
II
45
C
Wmr
Wt
 –
White testa. Dominant to yellow or tan seed coat color.
 –
46
C
Wt
Wt-2
 –
White testa-2 (in PI 414723). Relationship with Wt unknown.
IV
90
C
Wt-2
Y
 –
Yellow epicarp. Dominant to white fruit skin.
 –
46
C
Y
yg
 –
yellow green leaves. Reduced chlorophyll content.
6, XI
124
C
yg
ygW
lg
yellow green Weslaco. First described as light green in a cross Dulce x TAM-Uvalde. Allelic to yg.
 –
21
C
ygW
yv
 –
yellow virescence. Pale cotyledons; yellow green young leaves and tendrils; bright and yellow petals and yellow stigma; etiolated; older leaves becoming green.
1
127
C
yv
yv-2
yv-X
yellow virescence-2. Young leaves yellow green, old leaves normal green.
5, IX
102
C
yv-2
Zym
Zym-1
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic virus resistance. Resistance to pathotype 0 of this potyvirus (in PI 414723).
4, II
99
C
Zym
 Zym-2
 –
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic potyvirus resistance. One of three complementary genes (see Zym and Zym-3) for resistance to this potyvirus (in PI 414723).
 –
24
C
 Zym-2
 Zym-3
 –
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic potyvirus resistance. One of three complementary genes (see Zym and Zym-2) for resistance to this potyvirus (in PI 414723).
 –
24
C
 Zym-3
Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs)
cmv
 –
cucumber mosaic virus resistance. Three recessive genes have been described in the cross Freemans’s cucumber x Noy Amid. Seven QTLs are involved in resistance to three different strains of this cucumovirus in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375.
 –
30, 58
?
cmv
eth
 –
ethylene production in fruit (climacteric crisis). Four QTLs described in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375.
 –
91
?
eth
fl
 –
fruit length. Four QTL described in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375 and 4 QTLs in the cross Védrantais x PI 414723, one is common to both crosses.
 –
89
?
fl
fs
 –
fruit shape (ratio fruit length/fruit width). Six QTL described in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375 and 2 QTLs in the cross Védrantais x PI 414723, which are common to both crosses.
 –
89
?
fs
fw
 –
fruit width. Five QTL described in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375 and 1 QTLs in the cross Védrantais x PI 414723.
 –
89
?
fw
ovl
 –
ovary length. Six QTL described in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375.
 –
89
?
ovl
ovs
 –
ovary shape (ratio ovary length/ovary width). Six QTL described in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375.
 –
89
?
ovs
ovw
 –
ovary width. Eight QTL described in the cross Védrantais x PI 161375.
 –
89
?
ovw
Cytoplasmic Factors
cyt-Yt
 –
cytoplasmic yellow tip. Chlorophyll deficient mutant with yellow young leaves, turning green when becoming older. Maternally inherited.
 –
106
?
cyt-Yt

zLinkage group to which this gene belongs: Letters correspond to (114), arabic numbers to (94) and roman numbers to
(92). See Table 3.

Table 2. List of cloned genes in melon and their putative function. Sequences can be submitted directly to databases or can be published in journals (Ref.). A few genes have been mapped (Linkage Groups).

Symbol

Accession

(Putative) Function

Submitted by

LGz

Ref.
Cm-AAT
AB075227
Alcohol acetyltransferase GeAAT
Ishimaru M.
 –
 –
Cm-AAT2
AF468022
Putative alcohol acyltransferase (AT2)
El Yahyaoui F. et al
 –
 –
Cm-ACO1
X95551
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase 1
Lasserre E. et al
V
66
Cm-ACO2
X95552
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase 2
Lasserre E. et al
VIII
66
Cm-ACO3
X95553
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase 3
Lasserre E. et al
 –
66
Cm-ACS1
AB025906
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase 1
Yamamoto M. et al
XI
126
Cm-ACS1
AB032935
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase
Shiomi S. et al
XI
 –
Cm-ACS2
D86242
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase 2
Ishiki Y. et al
 –
54
Cm-ACS2
AB032936
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase 2
Shiomi S. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AGPP-mlf2
AF030383 AF030384
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (mlf2)
Park S.-W. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AGPP-msf1
AF030382
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit (msf1)
Park S.-W. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AmT1
AY066012
Aminotransferase 1
Taler D. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AmT2
AF461048
Aminotransferase 2
Taler D. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AO1
AF233593
Ascorbate oxidase AO1
Sanmartin M. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AO3
Y10226
Ascorbate oxidase AO3
Pateraki I. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AO4
AF233594
Ascorbate oxidase AO4
Sanmartin M. et al
 –
 –
Cm-AOS
AF081954
Allene oxide synthase (AOS)
Tijet N. et al
 –
 –
Cm-ASR1
AF426403 AF426404
Abscisic acid response protein (Asr1)
Hong S.-H. et al
 –
 –
Cm-CCM 
D32206
Cucumisin (serine protease)
Yamagata H. et al
 –
125
Cm-CHI1
AF241266
Chitinase 1
Zou X. et al
 –
 –
Cm-CHI2
AF241267 AF241538
Chitinase 2
Zou X. et al
 –
 –
Cm-E8
 AB071820
Regulator of ethylene synthesis, similar to Le-E8
Fujimori A. et al
 –
 –
Cm-EIL1
AB063191
Transcription factor Ethylene Insensitive 1 for At-EIN3-like protein
Sato T. et al
 –
 –
Cm-EIL2
AB063192
Transcription factor Ethylene Insensitive 2 for At-EIN3-like protein
Sato T. et al
 –
 –
Cm-ERS1
AF037368
Putative ethylene receptor ERS1
Sato Nara K. et al
I
113
Cm-ERS1
AB049128
Ethylene receptor ERS1
Furukawa H.
 –
 –
Cm-ETR1
AF054806
Putative ethylene receptor (ETR1)
Sato Nara K. et al
 –
113
Cm-ETR1
AB052228
Ethylene receptor (ETR1)
Furukawa H.
 –
 –
Cm-GAS1
AY077642
Galactinol synthase (GAS1)
Volk G.M. et al
 –
 –
Cm-GAS2
AY077641
Galactinol synthase (GAS2)
Volk G.M. et al
 –
 –
Cm-GLD
AF252339
L-galactono-1, 4-lactone dehydrogenase
Pateraki I. and Kanellis A.K.
 –
 –
Cm-HMG-CoA
AB021862
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
Kato-Emori S. et al
 –
59
Cm-HPL
AF081955
Fatty acid 9-hydroperoxide lyase (HPL)
Tijet N. et al
 –
118
Cm-ITS1
AF006802
Internal Transcribed Spacer 1
Jobst J. et al
 –
56
Cm-ITS2
AF013333
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2
Jobst J. et al
 –
56
Cm-Lec17
AF520577
17 kDa phloem lectin (Lec17)
Dinant S. et al
 –
 –
Cm-Lec17-1
AF517156
17 kDa phloem lectin Lec17-1
Dinant S. et al
 –
 –
Cm-Lec17-3
AF517157
17 kDa phloem lectin Lec17-3 mRNA
Dinant S. et al
 –
 –
Cm-Lec26
AF517154
26 kDa phloem lectin (Lec26)
Dinant S. et al
 –
 –
Cm-MPP
AF297643
Mitochondrial processingpeptidase beta subunit
He C. et al
 –
 –
Cm-PG1
AF062465
Polygalacturonase precursor (MPG1)
Hadfield K.A. et al
 –
 –
Cm-PG2
AF062466
Polygalacturonase precursor (MPG2)
Hadfield K.A. et al
 –
 –
Cm-PG3
AF062467
Polygalacturonase precursor (MPG3)
Hadfield K.A. et al
 –
 –
Cm-ProETR1
E51774
Promoter of melon ethylene receptor
Ezura H. et al
Patent JP
2001037484-A 14
13-FEB-2001
 –
 –
Cm-PSY1
Z37543
Phytoene synthase
Karvouni Z. et al
 –
 –
Cm-TCTP
AF230211
Translationally controlled tumor protein-related protein
Gomez-Lim M.A. et al
 –
 –

zLinkage group to which this gene belongs according to 92.

Table 3. Genes and QTLs localization and correspondance between linkage groups using common markers such as phenotypic traits or molecular markers (mainly SSR according to 23).

94z

4z

122z

114z

12z

86z

92z

25z

Genes

QTLs
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
si-1, yv
2
2+
–
–
6
4
V
–
Cm-ACO1, Fn, Pm-w, Vat
fl5.1, fw5.2
K
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
gl, ms-1, Pa, r
4
D
–
–
3
8
II
IV
a, h, mt-2, Pm-x, Zym
cmv2.1, cmv2.2, eth2.1,
fl2.1, fs2.1, fs2.2, fw2.1,
ovl2.1, ovl2.2, ovs2.1,
ovs2.2, ovw2.1
5
5
–
–
11
7
IX
II
Al-4, Fom-1, gf, 6-Pgd2,
Prv, yv-2
cmv9.1, fw9.1, ovl9.1,
ovs9.1
–
–
–
A
–
–
–
–
Aco-1, Idh, Mpi-1, Mpi-2,
Pgd-3, Pgm-2
6
6
III
–
1
5
XI
III
Cm-ACS1, Fom-2, ms-2,
 s-2, yg
eth11.1, fs11.1
7
7
–
–
3
11
XII
–
nsv, p, Pm-Y
cmv12.1, cmv12.2, fs12.1,
fw12.1, ovs12.1, ovw12.1
8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
f, lmi
9
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
dl
10
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
ms-3
11
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
ms-4
12
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
ms-5
13
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
V
–
C
–
–
10
10
IV
–
Wt-2
fl4.1, fw4.1, ovl4.1
–
E
–
–
3+8+
1
VIII
I
Al-3, Cm-ACO2, pH
cmv8.1, fl8.1, fl8.2, fs8.1,
13
fs8.2, ovl8.1, ovs8.1,
(+17?
ovs8.2, ovw8.1
)
–
F
–
–
–
3
VII
VI
Spk
fw7.1, ovl7.1, ovs7.1
–
G
–
–
3+12
6
I
VIII
ech, Cm-ERS1
eth1.1, fl1.1, fs1.1, ovs1.1
–
J
–
–
–
2
III
V
Cm-ACS5, Ec, pin
cmv3.1, cmv3.2, eth3.1
–
–
–
B
–
–
–
–
Mdh-2, Mdh-4, Mdh-5,
Mdh-6, Pep-gl
–
A
–
–
4+7
9
X
–
ovw10.1
–
B
–
–
9
12
VI
–
fl6.1

N.B. If 6-Pgd-2 (4) and Pgd-3 (114) correspond to the same locus, which is probable but not yet demonstrated, lines 5 and
6 of this table can be merged.
zBibliographical references

Literature Cited

  1. Anagnostou, K., M. Jahn and R. Perl-Treves. 2000. Inheritance and linkage analysis of resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic virus, watermelon mosaic virus, papaya ringspot virus and powdery mildew in melon. Euphytica 116:265-270.
  2. Angelov, D. and L. Krasteva. 2000. Dominant inheritance of downy mildew resistance in melons. in Proceedings of Cucurbitaceae 2000 (Ed. Katzir, N. and H.S. Paris), 19-23/03/2000, Ma’ale Ha Hamisha (ISR). 273-275.
  3. Bains, M.S. and U.S. Kang. 1963. Inheritance of some flower and fruit characters in muskmelon. Indian J. Genet. Pl. Breed. 23:101-106.
  4. Baudracco-Arnas, S. and M. Pitrat. 1996. A genetic map of melon (Cucumis melo L.) with RFLP, RAPD, isozyme, disease resistance and morphological markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 93:57-64.
  5. Besombes, D., N. Giovinazzo, C. Olivier, C. Dogimont and M. Pitrat. 1999. Description and inheritance of an albino mutant in melon. Cucurbit Genet. Coop. Rep. 22:14-15.
  6. Bohn, G.W. 1961. Inheritance and origin of nectarless muskmelon. J. Hered. 52:233-237.
  7. Bohn, G.W. 1968. A red stem pigment in muskmelon. Veg. Improv. Newslet. 10:107.
  8. Bohn, G.W. and T.W. Whitaker. 1949. A gene for male sterility in the muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.). Proc. Amer. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 53:309-314.
  9. Bohn, G.W. and T.W. Whitaker. 1964. Genetics of resistance to powdery mildew race 2 in muskmelon. Phytopathology 54:587-591.
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  11. Bohn, G.W., A.N. Kishaba, J.A. Principe and H.H. Toba. 1973. Tolerance to melon aphid in Cucumis melo L. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 98:37-40.
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