Gene List for Cucurbita spp.

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Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 11:96-103 (article 42) 1988

Lists of the known genes for the Cucurbitaceae have been published previously in 3 installments (4, 5, 25), and complete, updated gene lists have recently been published for cucumber (CGC 8:86-96), muskmelon (CGC 9:111-120) and watermelon (CGC 10:106-110). In the interest of updating and collecting information on the genetics of Cucurbita in one place, the following is a complete list of known genes. We hope to continue this practice and pubolish a complete list for the Cucurbita spp. every four years.

wf

Gene Symbol

Character

Species

Reference

Preferred

Synonym
a androecious. Produces only male flowers pepo 19
Aat-mb Aspartate aminotransferase-microbody isozume maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Aat-m (Aat-m1) Aspartate aminotransferase mitochondria isozyme-1 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Aat-m2 Aspartate aminotransferase mitochondria isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Aat-p2 Aspartate aminotransferase plastid isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Acp Acp-1 Acid phosphatase isozyme-1 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Acp-2 Acid phosphatase isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Aldo-p Aldolase – plastid isozyme maxima x ecuadorensis 41
B Bicolor fruit. Precocious yellow fruit pigmentation; modified by Ses-B pepo 34,35
bi bitter fruit. High cucurbitacin content in fruit pepo 2,15,43
bl blue fruit color. Incompletely recessive to green maxima 16
Bu bush habit.. Short internodes; dominant to vine habit in young plant stage but recessive at maturity. pepo maxima 7,33,38
cr cream corolla. Cream to nearly white petals for cr/cr, yellow for cr/+, and orange for +/+; derived from C okeechobeensis moschata 27
cu cucurbitacin content. Reduced cucurbitacin content pepo 32
D Dark green stem. Dominant to light green stem pepo 14
Di Disc fruit shape. Dominant to spherical pepo 37
Est Esterase isozyme maxima x ecuadorensis 40
Fr Fruit fly (Dacus cucurbitae) resistance maxima 22
G (a,m) Gynoecious sex expression foetidissima 8,13
Gal (Gal-1) β –Galactosidase isozyme-1 maxima x ecadorensis 42
Gal-2 β –Galactosidase isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Gb Green band on inner side of base of petal; dominant to no band pepo 9
gc green corolla.. Green, leaf-like petals pepo 39
Got (Got-1) Glutamine-oxaloacetate isozyme-1 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Got-2 Glutamine-oxaloacetate isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
GpI-c (Gpi-c1) Glucosephosphate isomerase cytosolic isozyme-1 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Gpi-c2 Glucosephosphate isomerase cytosolic enzyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Gr (G) Green rind. dominant to buff skin of mature fruit moschata 26
I-T Inhibitor of the T gene for trifluralin resistance moschata 1
Idh (Idh-1) Isocitrate dehydrogenase isozyme-1 pepo 6,18
Idh-2 Isocitate dehydrogenase isozyme-2 pepo 6,18
Idh-3 Isocitrate dehydrogenase isozyme-3 pepo 6,18
l (c) light fruit color. Uniform light intensity of fruit pigmentation; modified by St pepo 14,23,34
1-2 light pigmentation of fruit – 2 pepo 23
Lap Leucine ajinopeptidase isozyme maxima x ecuadorensis 40
lo (l) lobed leaves maxima 10
lt leafy tendril. Tendrils with laminae pepo 29
ly light yellow corolla. Recessive orange yellow pepo 29
M Mottled leaves. Silver gray areas in axils of leaf veins pepo maxima moschata 3,28,31
Mdh-m (Mdh-ml) Malate dehydrogenase mitochondria isozyme-1 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
mDH-m2 Malate dehydrogenase mitochondria Isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Mdh-c2 Malate dehydrogenase cytosoloic isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
ms-1 (ms1 ) male sterile-1. Male flowers abort before anthesis pepo 12
ms-2 (ms2 ) male sterile-2. Male flowers abort pepo 12
n naked seeds. Lacking a lignified seed coat pepo 15,30
Per (Per-1) Peroxidase isozyme-1 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Per-3 Peroxidase isozyme-3 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Pgi (Pgi-1) Phosphoglucase isomerase isozyme-1 pepo 6,18
pgi-2 Phosphoglucase isomerase isozyme-2 pepo 6,18
Pgi-3 Phosphoglucase isomerase isoyme-3 pepo 6,18
Pgm-c2 Phosphoglucomutase cytosolic isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Pgm-p Phosphoglucomutase plastid isozyme maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Pm Powdery mildew-resistance. Resistance to Sphaerotheca fuliginea lundelliana 24
r recessive white, White fruit color pepo 14
Rd Red skin. Red external fruit color; dominant to green, white, yellow and gray maxima 20
ro rosette leaf. Lower lobes of leaves slightly spiraled pepo 21
s sterile. Male flowers small, without pollen; female flower sterile maxima 17
Ses-B Selective suppression of gene B pepo 36
Skdh Shikimate dehydrogenase isozyme maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Sod (Sod-1) Superoxisw dismutase isozyme-1 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
St (1st ) Striped fruit. Longitudinal stripes on fruit, conspicuous if 1 but inconspicuous if 1+ pepo 28
T Trifluralin resistance. Dominant to susceptibility to the herbicide; modified by I-T moschata 1
Tpi-c2 Triosephosphatase isomerase cytosolic isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
Tpi-p2 Triosephosphatase isomerase plastid isozyme-2 maxima x ecuadorensis 42
V virescent. Yellow-green young leaves maxima 11
W White fruit. Dominant to green mature fruit, partially epistatic to Y pepo 38
Wf White flesh. Dominant to cream flesh color pepo 38
Wt Warty fruit. Dominant to smooth pepo 38
Y Yellow fruit color. Dominant to green pepo 38
Ygp Yellow-green placenta. Dominant to yellow placental color pepo 9
ys yellow seedling. Lacking chlorophyll; lethal pepo 21

It is hoped that scientists will consult the above list as well as the rules of gene nomenclature for the Cucurbitaceae (5, 25) before choosing a gene name and symbol. Thus, inadvertent duplication of gene names and symbols will be prevented. The rules of gene nomenclature were adopted in order to provide guidelines for the naming and symbolizing genes previously reported and those which will be reported in the future. Scientists are urged to contact members of the Gene List Committee regarding questions in interpreting the nomenclature rules and in naming and symbolizing new genes.

Gene List Committee:

Cucumber – Todd C. Wehner

Muskmelon – M. Pitrat

Watermelon -W.R. Henderson

Cucurbita spp. – R.W. Robinson

Other Genera: – R.W. Robinson

Literature Cited

  1. Adeoye, A.A. and D.P. Coyne. 1981. Inheritance of resistance to trifluralin toxicity in Cucurbita moschata Poir. HortScience 16:774-775.
  2. Contardi, H.G. 1939. Estudios geneticos en “Cucurbita” y consideraciones agronomicas. Physis 18:331-347.
  3. Coyne, D.P. 1970. Inheritance of mottle-leaf in Cucurbita moschata Poir. HortScience 5:226-227.
  4. Cucurbit Gene List Committee. 1979. New Genes for the Cucurbitaceae. Cucurbit Genetics Coop. Rpt. 2:49-53.
  5. Cucurbit Gene List Committee. 1982. Update of cucurbit gene list and nomenclature rules. Cucurbit Genetics Coop. Rpt. 5:62-66.
  6. Decker, D.S. 1985. Numerical analysis of variation in Cucurbita pepo. Econ. Bot. 39:300-309.
  7. Denna, D.W. and H.M. Munger. 1963. Morphology of the bush and vine habits and the allelism of the bush genes in Cucurbita maxima and C. pepo squash. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 82:370-377.
  8. Dossey, B.F., W.P. Bemis and J.C. Scheerens. 1981. Genetic control of gynoecy in the buffalo gourd. J. Heredity 72:355-356.
  9. Dutta, L.P. and P. Nath. 1972. Inheritance of flower and fruit characters in squash, Cucurbita pepo L. Tropical Hort. 1:69-74.
  10. Dyutin, K.E. 1980. (Spontaneous mutant of Cucurbita maxima Duch. Squash with lobed leaves). Genetika 16:176-178. (In Russian)
  11. Dyutin, K.E. 1981. (Inheritance of yellow-green coloration of the young leaves in Cucurbita maxima Duch.). Tsitologiya i Genetika 15(5):81-82. (In Russian)
  12. Eisa, H.M. and H.M. Munger. 1968. Male sterility in Cucurbita pepo. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 92:473-479.
  13. Fulks, B.K., J.C. Scheerens and W.P. Bemis. 1979. Sex expression in Cucurbita foetidisima HBK. Cucurbit Genetics Coop. Rpt. 2:36.
  14. Globerson, D. 1969. The inheritance of white fruit and stem color in summer squash, Cucurbita pepo L. Euphytica 18:249-255.
  15. Grebenscikov, I. 1954. Notulae cucurbiotologicae. I. Zur Vererbung der Bitterkeit and Kurztriebigkeit bei Cucurbita pepo L. Kulturpflanze 2:145-154.
  16. Hutchins, A.E. 1935. The interaction of blue and green color factors in Hubbard squash. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 33:154.
  17. Hutchins, A.E. 1944. A male and female sterile variant in squash, Cucurbita maxima Duch. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 44:494-496.
  18. Kirkpatrick, K.J., D.S. Decker and H.D. Wilson. 1985. Allozyme differentiation in the Cucurbita pepo complex: C. pepo var. medullosa vs. C. texana. Econ.Bot. 39:289-299.
  19. Kubicki, B. 1970. Androecious strains of Cucurbita pepo L. Genet. Polonica 11:45-51.
  20. Lotsy, J.P. 1920. Cucurbita strijdvragen. II. Eigen onderzoekingen. Genetica 2:1-21.
  21. Mains, E.B. 1950. Inheritance in Cucurbita pepo. Papers Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts Letters 36:27-30.
  22. Nath, P., O.P. Dutta, S. Velayudhan and K.R.M. Swamy. 1976. Inheritance of resistance to fruit fly in pumpkin. Sabrao J. 8:117-119.
  23. Paris, H.S. and H. Nerson. 1986. Genes for intense pigmentation of squash. J. Hered. 77:403-409.
  24. Rhodes, A.M. 1964. Inheritance of powdery mildew resistance in the genus Cucurbita. Plant Dis. Rptr. 48:54-55.
  25. Robinson, R.W., H,M, Munger, T.W. Whitaker and G.W. Bohn. 1976. Genes of the Cucurbitaceae. HortScience 11:554-568.
  26. Robinson, R.W. 1987. Inheritance of fruit skin color in Cucurbita moschata. Cucurbit Genetics Coop. Rpt. 10:84.
  27. Roe, N.E. and W.P. Bemis. 1977. Corolla color in Cucurbita. J. Heredity 68:193-194.
  28. Scarchuk, J. 1954. Fruit and leaf characters in summer squash. J. Heredity 45:295-297.
  29. Scarchuk, J. 1974. Inheritance of light yellow corolla and leafy tendrils in gourd (Cucurbita pepo var. ovifera Alef). HortScience 9:464.
  30. Schoniger, G. 1952. Vorlaufige Mitteilung uber das Verhalten der Testa und Farbgene bei versheidenen Kreuzungen innerhalb der Kurbisart Cucurbita pepo L. Zuchter 22:316-337.
  31. Scott, D.H. and M.E. Riner. 1946. A mottled leaf character in winter squash. J. Heredity 37:27-28.
  32. Sharma, G.C. and C.V. Hall. 1971. Cucurbitacin B and total sugar inheritance in Cucurbita pepo related to spotted cucumber beetle feeding. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 96:750-754.
  33. Shifriss, O. 1947. Developmental reversal of dominance in Cucurbita pepo. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 50:330-346.
  34. Shifriss, O. 1955. Genetics and origin of the bicolor gourds. J. Heredity 46:213-222.
  35. Shifriss, O. 1966. Behavior of gene B in Cucurbita. Veg. Improvement Newsletter 8:7-8.
  36. Shifriss, O. 1982. Identification of a selective suppressor gene in cucurbita pepo L. HortScience 17:637-638.
  37. Sinnott, E.W. 1922. Inheritance of fruit shape in Cucurbita pepo I. Bot. Gaz. 74:95-103.
  38. Sinnott, E.W. and G.B. Durham,. 1922. Inheritance in the summer squash. J. Heredity 13:177-186.
  39. Superak, T.H. 1987. A green corolla mutant in cucurbita pepo/ Cucurbit Genetics Coop. Rpt. 10:103.
  40. Wall, J.R. and T.W. Whitaker. 1971. Genetic control of leucine aminopeptidase and esterase isozymes in the interspecific cross cucurbita ecuadorensis x C. maxima. Biochem Genet. 5:223-229.
  41. Weeden, N.F., R.W. Robinson and F. Ignart. 1984. Linkage between an isozyme locus and one of the genes controlling resistance to watermelon mosaic virus 2 in Cucurbita ecuadorensis. Cucurbit Genetics Coop. Rpt. 7:86.
  42. Weeden, N.F. and R.W. Robinson. 1986. Allozyme segregation ratios in the interspecific cross cucurbita maxima x ecuadorensis suggest that hybrid breakdown is not caused by minor alterations in chromosome structure. Genetics 114:593-609.
  43. Whitaker, T.W. 1951. A species cross in Cucurbits. J. Hered. 42:65-69.